适用不方便法院原则与国民待遇原则的冲突与协调——以跨国知识产权诉讼为视角

跨国知识产权诉讼是当今各国对知识产权进行国际保护的主要途径.如何在知识产权保护的国际诉讼中遵循国民待遇原则,是知识产权国际保护的关键.由于跨国知识产权诉讼的复杂性、新颖性以及相关立法的滞后,造成了法院在审理相关案件时为片面追求司法任务的简单化,往往会拒绝外国原告的诉讼.不方便法院原则就成为拒绝当事人诉讼的最好理由,其中美国的做法最具有代表性.这与TRIPS协议等保护知识产权国际条约所确立的国民待遇原则相冲突.为给予国际知识产权流动以更多的保护与协调,各国应完善跨国知识产权管辖权体系,确立严格的适用不方便法院原则的标准.

On the Conflict and Cohesion of Application of Principle of Court at the Place of One's Inconvenience and National Treatment

The transnational lawsuit of the intellectual property right is the main way for various countries to protect the intellectual property right. How to follow the principle of national treatment in the international lawsuit of intellectual property protection is the key that the intellectual property right protects. The complexity of the lawsuit and lagging of emergent novelty and relevant legislation have led to the fact that the court is the one-sided simplification which pursues the judicial task while hearing relevant cases, and will often refuse the lawsuit of the foreign plaintiff. The inconvenient court's principle becomes the best reason for refusing party's lawsuit, among which the method of U.S.A. is the most representative. This conflict with principle of national treatment established to protect the international treaty of the intellectual property. In order to flow by more protection and coordination for the international intellectual property right, various countries should improve the transnational jurisdiction system, and give severe standard to its application.