未成年人犯罪记录封存中几个实务问题探讨与完善

修改后的刑诉法首次引入未成年人犯罪记录封存制度是尊重和保障人权原则的具体化彰显,对保障失足未成年人复学、就业等权益、弱化犯罪标签的内外影响、帮助其顺利回归社会具有里程碑意义。然而,这项新的程序性制度在缺乏刑诉法及相关司法解释具体规定的情况下,在犯罪记录封存的实际操作中遭遇各地理解与执行不一、对象范围过窄或过宽、运行程序不明、法律监督缺位、责任机制缺失等影响和制约该项制度有效运行和落实的一些问题。对此,需要结合立法意图、制度因素、社会实际以及法治合理期待等方面进行探讨和破解,使之真正发挥成效。

Some Practical Issues on Minors Criminal Record Sealed System and the Perfection

The introduction of Minors Criminal Record Sealed System in the revised Criminal Procedure Law has embodied the respect and protection for tile human rights, with a milestone signifieance in the aspects as follows： guaranteeing the minors＇ rights in schooling resumption and employment, weakening the inside and outside impacts by crime labels, and helping their reintegration into the society. However, due to the absence of specific provisions in the Criminal Law and relevant judicial interpretations, some problems may restrict the effective operation and implementation of this new procedural system in reality, such as unified understanding and implementation in different places, too narrow or wide. range of the objects, indefinite running procedure, absence of legal supervision, and lack of liability mechanisms. In order to ensure the effectiveness of this system, a comprehensive exploration shouht he made by combining the legislative intents, institutional factors, social reality and the reasonable expectations for rule of law.