论民法中的集合物及其现代应用

我国《物权法》以不动产和动产作为物权的客体缺乏普适性。作为物权客体的物,应有多种法定的分类,集合物就是相当必要和重要的一种物的类型。国有财产、集体财产和私人财产以及企业,都符合集合物的构成要求;它们之所以能作为物权的客体,是要适用统一的法律关系。上述几种集合物可以依法成立归属意义的所有权法律关系和担保法律关系。集合物的这种意义能够起到民法上的确权和保护作用。建立多样化的物的分类体系应当成为我国未来的立法趋势。

On Universitates of Civil Law and Its Modern Utility

General utility is lacking for res immobilis and res mobilis are the total objects in our Property Law.As the object of property,res should has statutory and diverse classification,and universitates is an essential and vital one.State property,collective property,private property and enterprise are all suitable to be viewed as universitates,which could apply integrally certain legal relations as the object of property.The meaning of legal owning and mortgage is expressed clearly and exactly by universitates,moreover,the function to affirm and protect rights of civil law is realized as well.In China,it is of necessity to set up diverse classification in statute law in the future.