宅基地使用权性质及农民居住权利之保障

农民宅基地形成于上世纪60年代,有其独特的社会政策落实内涵。农民的私有住宅与集体公有的地基形成了中国特色的农民住宅制度,其中所涉权利相当复杂,不是宅基地"用益物权"之简单阐释。住宅的所有权、地基的所有权与使用权、农民的居住权、农村集体权利等等皆须考量。在此基础上,因应社会变迁,尤其是城市化背景下的宅基地适度流转才能使制度不致僵化,亦不致因宅基地之"自由"流转而发生大的社会动荡,换言之,"宅基地"流转需要把握好相关的"度",防止"一刀切"。

The Nature of the Usufruct of Farmers' Curtilage and the Protection for Famers' Right of Residence

The system of farmers' curtilage formed in the 1960s in China,it has its unique connotation to carry out social policy. The farmers 'private house and the public ownership of village land formed the Chinese characteristics of rural residential system. The involved rights of ruralcurtilage is quite complicated not as the simple interpretation of rural homestead"usufructuary right". The ownership of the house,the land ownership of village, the farmers' usufructuary right,the farmer's residential rights,rural collective rights should all be considered. According to social change, especially under the background of urbanization,the farmer's curtilage should be moderate flow avoid the system rigidly,it should also cause social unrest because of the "freedom"of curtilage circulation,in other word,we need to grasp the "degree"of farmer's curtilage circulation,related to prevent the "one size fits all".