西方心理学的分裂与整合主义的困境

西方心理学在研究课题,研究方法,指导思想和组织机构等方面存在着严重的分型现象,面对这种分裂现象,不少心理学家为之焦虑,提出各种解决方案,其中以美国心理学家斯塔茨等人所倡导的整合主义最为引人注目,整合主义站在自然科学的立场上,试图以贯彻客观性原则,严格遵循客观方法来作为统一心理学的方式,由于整合主义的基础是传统的实证主义和行为主义,因而整合主义受到了不少批评,面临着尴尬的困境,心理学的整合只能是多元化的整合,这种整合是建立在共同基础上的,同时又允许多样化成分的存在,多元化和多样化的成分之间是可比的,和谐的,而不是矛盾,冲突的,通过释义学式的对话,增进相到的了解,这种基础是可以建立的。

Fragmentation of Western Psychology and Dilemmas of the Unificationism

The fragmentation of western psychology has been recognized in subject matter,method,core underpinning and institution etc.Facing the fragmentation,many psychologists worry about the future of psychology and suggested some solutions,one of which is Staats unificationism which is most conspicuous among them.Unificationism takes natural science model and objectionism as its way to unify psychology and insists on unification by method.Because of its foundation on positivism and behaviorism,it has already been criticized and refused by most of psychologists.It is argued that unification of psychology should be in a position to allow diversity and pluralism while having,at the same time,a common foundation.The common foundation of psychology will bc set up by hcrmcncutics'"dialogic understanding".