“命”的语义分析与庄子的“安命”哲学

古汉语中“命”这个字有命名、生命、命运三重含义,而中国古代哲学中的“命”的深刻含义也就隐藏在这三重含义及其相互关系之中。“命”是对个人生命存在的限定或规定,是个人与社会环境和生活世界的联合体,关注“命”的问题是庄子思想的重要方面,他主张“安其性命之情”,可以称之为“安命”哲学,其内容包括对语言之“命”的悬置,对生命之“命”的保养,对命运之“命”的安顺。

A Semantic Analysis on the Character "Ming" and Zhuang Zi's "Life Comforting" Philosophy

The character "Ming"has three meanings in classical Chinese:(1)name;(2)life;(3)destiny.The deep meaning of "Ming" in ancient Chinese philosophy is just hidden in these three meanings and their relations."Ming"is the limit or definition of an individual life,and a complex of the individual and its social environment and living world.It is an important aspect in Zhuang Zi's thought to pay close attention to "Ming".He advocated "being of comfort in the situation of nature and life",which may be called "life comforting"philosophy,containing suspending the names in language,taking good care of life,and submitting to fate.