特别权力关系法治化研究

特别权力关系是受公法调整的特别法律关系之一种。特别权力关系理论发端于19世纪君主立宪时代的德国,并在德国、日本和我国台湾地区经历了一个不同程度的发展和修正过程。我国实际生活中存在的大量特别权力关系由于缺乏相关的理论支撑和立法规范,游离于法治之外,因而有必要从我国行政法治并不理想的现实出发,引进“修正后的特别权力关系理论”的积极、合理因素,顺应我国法治发展的趋势,以现代法治理念为指导,将特别权力关系纳入法治轨道,使之逐步法治化。具体进路为:优先保护特别权力相对人的基本权利;尽力规制特别权力的配置;对特别权力主体的自治行为进行程序控制;对特别权力关系的司法审查体现特殊性。

On Special Power Relationship to Rule of Law

Special power relationship is one kind of special legal relationships adjusted by the public law.The theory of special power relationship is started to constitutional monarchy time of Germany in 19th century.In German,Japanese and Taiwan area of our country,it has experienced development at different degree and revision process.In the actual life of our country,owing to lacking relevant theory supporting and legislation,a large number of special power relationships are dissociating except ruling of law.And it is necessary to proceed from the unsatisfactory reality of our country's administration,introduce the positive,reasonable factor of "special power relationship theory after revising",complying with the development trend governed of law of our country,guiding with modern legal concepts,bringing special power relationship into the track governed of law,making it legalization gradually.Concrete to enter the way: excellent fundamental rights of protecting the relative people of special power relationship;disposition of special power relationship of the structure as possible;enter the conduct procedure to control the autonomy behavior of special power subject.It should leave very to reflect to examine special power relationship by justice.