统筹城乡就业的政策工具研究

统筹城乡就业政策目标的实现不仅需要进行体制改革和制度创新，还需要选择适当的政策工具。根据统筹城乡就业的现实问题可以确定政策目标，根据政府、社会与市场之间的关系可以确定政府在其中的责任，并依此制定政策体系。依据统筹城乡就业政策工具的特征和属性可以将政策工具划分为强制性、激励性、指导性、信息性和服务性政策工具。根据政策体系的内容和政策工具的属性和运行机制可以实现两者的匹配，完成政策工具的选择与组合。在考察各类政策工具的运用能力和运行效果的基础上，可以提出政策工具的优化路径。这些内容构成了统筹城乡就业政策工具的基本理论体系。

A Study on Policy Instrument of the Construction of Urban and Rural Employment Integration

To achieve the goal of urban and rural employment integration policy not only needs to undertake institutional reform, but also need to choose the appropriate policy instruments. According to the nature of policy instruments，they can be divided into mandatory policy instruments, incentives policy instruments, instructive policy instruments, information policy instruments and service instruments. The appropriate policy instruments for a given policy goal can be chosen according to their compatibility. The approaches to improve the policy instruments are also can be found by fulfilling the condition which made the instruments run. These constitute the policy instrument theory of urban and rural employment integration.