性骚扰侵害客体的民法分析

文章从社会性别视角出发,结合民法人格权原理,分析已有关于性骚扰侵害客体的认识,指出所谓“贞操权”概念本身是男性对女性性压迫的传统社会性别意识的体现,它与当今社会人格平等的精神相悖,无存在之必要;“性骚扰侵害名誉权”的认识会导致对被搔扰者人格的贬低和被“污名化”;用人格尊严权解释性骚扰侵害客体,难以有效救济被骚扰者受到侵害的权利。而从性骚扰行为的基本特征出发,自然人的性自主权是它侵害的直接客体。文章还指出,职场性骚扰侵害的客体不限于受害人的民事权利,它还会侵害到其作为劳动者的工作环境权和就业平等权。

Analysis of the Injured Party in Sexual Harassment in Reference to Civil Law

This paper adopts a gender perspective and the concept of human dignity in civil law to recognize the injured party in sexual harassment cases.It points out that the so-called "right to integrity of virtue" is a reflection of traditional ideology of male domination over female,which is in sharp contrast to today's aspiration for equality in dignity and should be discarded.The "claim of the accused for defamation in sexual harassment lawsuit" will lead to degradation of dignity of the accuser resulting in the "stigma of being a trouble maker." The use of "right to integrity" to defend the accused will create obstacles in proper redress and right of the accuser to compensation in sexual harassment cases.In the nature of sexual harassment,freedom of sexual expression of the natural person is key to the offence.The paper also points out that key to the offence in workplace sexual harassment is not limited to the harm of civil liberty of the victim but it also includes her rights to working environment free of harassment and equal opportunities in employment.