论民事裁定的既判力

对于法院裁定是否有既判力,国外理论经历了一个由否定到肯定的演变过程。就我国而言,对此问题尚未真正展开探讨。按照传统既判力理论,既判力的根据是民事诉讼制度性效力与程序保障,裁定既判力的根据也应当是民事诉讼制度性效力与程序保障二者的结合。应当强调的是,虽然可以肯定裁定具有既判力,但并非所有的裁定均具有既判力,不同种类的裁定,其既判力有无的判断是不一样的。同时,从立法论与司法论不同的视角讨论,裁定之既判力又有差别。因此,对裁定既判力的把握应当是多元的、具体的、有条件的。

On the Rechtskraft of Civil Adjudicate

Concerning whether the civil adjudicate has rechtskraft, the foreign theories have come through a process from negation to affirmation. However, our country has not been to study it really. According to the traditional theory for the rechtskraft, the foundation of the rechtskraft is the system effectiveness in civil action and the procedure guarantee, which can be also to explain the rechtskraft of the civil adjudicate. It should be emphasized that it isn' t all adjudicates that have rechtskraft although some of them have rechtskraft. There are different judgments of the rechtskraft to different kinds of adjudicates. In the meantime, discussing from the different angles of the lawmaking and the judicatory, the rechtskraft of adjudicates is different. Therefore, the understanding of rechtskraft of adjudicate should be diverse, concrete and conditional.