欧盟商标法律制度的协调机制及其对我国的启示

在欧盟,既有各成员国国内的商标法律制度,又有欧盟的跨国商标法律制度即共同体商标条例,并设有将这两种商标法律制度协调运行的机制。该机制的核心主要有三个方面：一是优先注册权制度,即在一成员国有效的商标,或者同时又是共同体商标,权利人可以享有将同一商标在相同商品或服务上优先注册共同体商标的权利,或者优先注册其他成员国国内商标的权利;二是转换申请制度,即共同体商标的申请人或所有人在其申请失败或其商标失效时请求将该申请或商标转换成国内商标申请的情况;三是共同体商标特有的诉讼管辖和法律适用制度。欧盟所建立的这种复式商标法律制度及其协调机制,对于“一国两制”下的中国大陆、香港、澳门和台湾四法域商标法律制度的协调具有重要的借鉴作用。

The Coordinating Mechanism in the Trademark Legal System of EU and It's Revelation to China

In European Union, trademark legal system exists both in its Member States and transnational known as Community Trademark Regulation. Besides, a system for harmonizing these two kinds of trademark legal systems has also been established in EU. The key content of the harmonizing system includes three aspects: (1 ) system of priority of registration. The right owner of a valid trademark in one Member State, or it is a Community trademark as well, shall enjoy a priority of registering the trademark as Community trademark on the same goods or services, or a priority of registering as domestic trademark in other Member States; (2 ) conversion of application system. The applicant or right owner shall convert an application or a trademark into domestic trademark appli- cation on condition that the former application fail or the trademark is invalid; (3) litigation jurisdiction and law application system only Community trademark has. This multiple trademark legal system and its harmonizing system in EU shall be used for reference while harmonizing the same problem exists among the Mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, the four Scope of law under the system of"one country, two system".