自己注册商标侵权抗辩研究

商标使用的动态性、商标注册审查制度的必然漏洞、信赖保护原则和禁止重复诉讼原则是自己注册商标侵权抗辩的正当性理由,欧盟和日本相关立法佐证了自己注册商标侵权抗辩的合理性和可行性。自己注册商标侵权抗辩制度之目的是维持注册取得商标权和商标集中授权制度的稳定性并避免注册商标成为商标侵权的工具。自己注册商标侵权抗辩的构成条件包括注册商标与他人的注册商标存在冲突、用以进行侵权抗辩的注册商标有效且属于善意注册或虽非善意但已超过商标法规定的无效宣告期限、注册商标在被控侵权之前已实际使用并有一定影响、注册商标善意使用且使用方式符合商业习惯。注册商标侵权抗辩包括对损害赔偿责任和停止侵害责任的抗辩,在后商标的注册时间及冲突商标的使用状况将影响注册商标侵权抗辩的成立。对于无法被宣告无效或撤销且正常使用的注册商标可以通过附加区别标志来减轻消费者混淆的可能性。

Research on Defensing Trademark Infringement by the Defendant's Registered Trademark

The dynamic nature of the trademark,the inevitable loopholes of the trademark review system,the principle of trust protection and the ban of repeated actions are the justifications ofdefensing trademark infringement by the defendant’s registered trademark.The related legislations in Europe and Japan evidence the rationality and feasibility of defense to trademark infringement by defendant’s own registered trademark.The purpose of the system of defense to the trademark infringement by defendant’s own registered trademark is to maintain the registered-based system and the system of centralized review of registered trademark and avoid the registered trademark becoming the tool of trademark infringement.The requirements of the defense to trademark infringement by defendant’s own registered trademark include two or more registered trademark conflicting with each other,the registered trademark used to defend trademark infringement being valid and being registered in good faith or having been exceeded the time limit for invalidation stipulated by the trademark law,the registered trademark having been used and acquired trademark sense before being accused of trademark infringement,the use of the registered trademark in good faith and in accordance with the normal commercial habits.The defenses to trademark infringement by defendant’s own registered trademark include defense to damage compensation liability and injunction,and the registration time of the junior registered trademark and the use status of the conflicted registered trademarks will affect the defense to trademark infringement by defendant’s own registered trademark.When both of the conflicted registered trademarks cannot be declared invalid or undo and have been used by their holders,we can reduce the likelihood of confusion by attaching the distinctive signs to both the conflicted registered trademarks.