73例缢死及勒死案例的回顾性分析

目的对昆明市40例缢死及33例勒死案例进行回顾性分析,主要研究缢死及勒死尸体的颈部损伤特征、相关窒息征象的异同,以期为法医学鉴定提供参考。方法收集昆明市公安局2000-2017年受理的缢死及勒死案例资料,对缢死及勒死的死者性别、年龄、致伤工具、颈部损伤、相关窒息征象的数据经SPSS 23.0进行统计检验。结果男性缢死者多于女性,女性勒死者多于男性,缢死者平均年龄大于勒死者。缢死自杀多见,他杀罕见;勒死他杀多见,自杀或意外少见。缢沟多位于甲状软骨上方,勒沟多位于甲状软骨水平。索沟处表皮剥脱或皮下出血是最常见的生活反应,在缢死者中常见。勒死者舌骨骨折率高于缢死者。结论死者性别及年龄分布、索沟的位置、索沟处生活反应检出率、舌骨骨折率有助于区别缢死与勒死。

Retrospective Analysis of 73 Hanging and Ligature Strangulation Cases

Objective To retrospectively analyze 40 cases of hanging and 33 cases of ligature strangulation in Kunming, to explore the neck injury characteristics and similarities and differences of related asphyxia signs of corpses in hanging and ligature strangulation cases, in order to provide reference for forensic identification. Methods Statistics of hanging and ligature strangulation cases accepted by Kunming Municipal Public Security Bureau from 2000 to 2017 were collected. Data including the gender,age, injury tool, neck injury and related asphyxia signs of the deceased in hanging and ligature strangulation cases were statistically tested by SPSS 23.0. Results There were more males in hanging cases than females. However, there were more females than males in ligature strangulation cases. In hanging cases, suicide was common, while homicide was rare. In ligature strangulation cases, homicide was common, while suicide or accidental death was rare. The average age of the deceased in hanging cases were older than those in ligature strangulation cases. The ligature mark in hanging was usually above the thyroid cartilage. The ligature mark in ligature strangulation was usually at the same level of the thyroid cartilage. The most common vital reactions were exfoliation and subcutaneous hemorrhage at the ligature mark, common among the deceased in hanging cases. Hyoid fracture rate of the deceased in ligature strangulation cases was more common than those in hanging cases. Conclusion The gender,age distribution, position of ligature mark, detection rate of vital reactions at the ligature mark and hyoid fracture rate of the deceased can help distinguish hanging from ligature strangulation.