关于被告人权利的最低限度保证

《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第14条第3款确立了国际社会关于被告人权利最低限度保证的公认标准,人权事务委员会关于该款的一般性意见、结论性意见和处理有关个人来文案件的决议,以及缔约国有关该款的保留和解释性声明,进一步明确了这些标准的具体内容。被告人权利的最低限度保证至少应当包括被告知指控、有相当时间和便利准备辩护、受审时间无不合理迟延、出庭自我辩护和由其选择的辩护人进行辩护、传唤和询问证人、必要时免费获得译员帮助和不被强迫自我归罪的权利。防止及惩治恐怖主义及其他任何严重罪行的需要,均不构成剥夺被告人权利最低限度保证的合法理由。

The Minimum Guarantees to Rights of the Accused

The paragraph 3 of Article 14 of the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights has established general standards of minimum guarantees of the accused rights recognized by international community. The General Comments, Concluding Observations and related decisions about concerning communications made by the Human Rights Committee, as well as the reservations and interpretative declarations issued by the contracting parties, has clarified the concrete contents of these minimum stan- dards. Those rights of the accused should at least include:To be informed promptly of the charge against him;To have adequate time and facilities preparing for his defense;To be tried without undue delay;To be tried in his presence, and to defend himself in person or through legal assistance of his own choosing; To examine, or have examined, the witnesses against him;To get free assistance from an interpreter if he necessary;Not to be compelled to confess guilt. Any need to prevent and punish the terrorism and the other serious crimes could not become a legitimate reason to deprive these minimum guarantees to the ac- cused.