Human olfactory detection of packaged cannabis |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Bell Street, Dundee DD1 1HG, UK;2. Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK;1. Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA;2. Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;4. Seàch Medical Group, Givat Chen, Israel;5. Formulate Bioscience, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA;6. Teewinot Life Sciences Corporation, Tampa, FL, USA;1. Integrative Life Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States;2. Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States;3. Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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| Abstract: | Olfactory detection of cannabis aroma by police officers can be the basis for warrantless searches of motor vehicles in many jurisdictions in the United States. The odor source in these cases is often dried cannabis flower contained in various casual wrappings as well as in more elaborate packaging. Here we investigate whether packaging format alters the detectability of the cannabis. Two cannabis strains and five packaging formats were evaluated. Untrained observers were presented with two containers and asked to identify, based only on smell, the container that held a sample of packaged cannabis (the other container held identical, but empty, packaging material). The results showed that open and casually packaged cannabis was identified with high accuracy, while material packaged in doubly vacuum-sealed plastic was correctly identified at rates no different from chance. The results may help address issues involving the detectability of cannabis aroma in law enforcement and other scenarios. |
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| Keywords: | Cannabis Odor detection Olfactory ability Scent Drug detection |
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