A randomized controlled trial of different policing strategies at hot spots of violent crime |
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Authors: | Bruce Taylor Christopher S Koper Daniel J Woods |
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Institution: | (1) NORC at the University of Chicago, 4350 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;(2) Police Executive Research Forum, 1120 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 930, Washington, DC 20036, USA |
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Abstract: | Focusing police efforts on “hot spots” has gained acceptance among researchers and practitioners. However, little rigorous
evidence exists on the comparative effectiveness of different hot spots strategies. To address this gap, we randomly assigned
83 hot spots of violence in Jacksonville, Florida, to receive either a problem-oriented policing (POP) strategy, directed-saturation
patrol, or a control condition for 90 days. We then examined crime in these areas during the intervention period and a 90-day
post-intervention period. In sum, the use of POP was associated with a 33% reduction in “street violence” during the 90 days
following the intervention. While not statistically significant, we also observed that POP was associated with other non-trivial
reductions in violence and property crime during the post-intervention period. In contrast, we did not detect statistically
significant crime reductions for the directed-saturation patrol group, though there were non-significant declines in crime
in these areas during the intervention period. Tests for displacement or a diffusion of benefits provided indications that
violence was displaced to areas near the POP locations, though some patterns in the data suggest this may have been due to
the effects of POP on crime reporting by citizens in nearby areas. We conclude by discussing the study’s limitations and the
implications of the findings for efforts to refine hot spots policing. |
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