父母侵害胎儿权益问题研究

胎儿的民事权益应当得到保护,侵害胎儿权益也应当承担相应的民事责任。但父母能否成为侵害胎儿权益的主体,以及父母实施的何种行为可以构成侵权行为,在法理上及实践中均存在着较大争议。为了实现胎儿权益保护和家庭伦理保护之间的平衡,应当从是否婚生,是否存在故意,以及是否使用暴力等几个方面来综合考虑。此外,父母对损害发生与有过失应考虑适用过失相抵,父母的允诺应能构成阻却违法的事由。

A Study on Parents Infringement on the Rights of Fetuses

The civil rights and interests of fetuses shall be protected and those who infringe on such rights shall undertake relevant civil liability. However, there still exist great disputes in theory as well as in practice on whether parents can be the main body or what kind of behaviors of parents can construct infringement action. In order to protect the rights of fetuses and balance family ethics protection, such factors as whether children are born in wedlock and whether parents intentionally use violence shall be take into consideration.