禁伐条件下的集体林改革——秦岭山区三村调查

南方集体林改革主要涉及到经济林和用材林,但是在生态林占主要成份的西北地区,要同时满足提高村民收入和保护生态环境双重目的,林权制度应如何改革还没有经验。基于在秦岭山区太白县和眉县的调查,我们发现,森林是多功能的,可以满足周围村民的多种需求;木材过量采伐主要是由不规范的市场所造成的,与林权的关系不大;林权制度改革必须做到透明和公平,尊重村民的习惯制度,满足村民的多种需求。

Reform of Collective Forest under the Condition of Forbidden Cutting——Investigation of three villages in Qinling Mountains

Reform of south collective forest mainly involves economic forest and timber forest while in the northwest where ecological forest takes a large part,there's no experience for the reform of forest right if it aims to both increase villagers' income and protect ecological environment.Based on the investigation of Taibai County and Mei County in Qinling Mountains,we find that the forest has enough functions to satisfy villagers' demands,the overexploitation is mainly caused by a not standardized market and not closely related to forest right and that the reform should be clear and just,respect villagers' habitual systems and satisfy their demands.