收入流动性测度方法述评

收入流动性主要有两种研究思路,一是将流动性本身作为研究对象,对个体流动进行加总,反映了所有个体收入水平、位次或收入份额的平均变动程度;二是研究收入流动性的影响,主要关注一段时间的收入分配失衡和社会福利水平是否得到补偿以及补偿的程度.转换矩阵和位次变动是流动性的早期测度方法,收入水平变动及其测度方法是流动性概念的一个延伸,随机占优和统计推断是流动性测度的一个拓展,而基于不平等、贫困、极化和社会福利水平的变动应该是流动性测度的最重要方法.

A Review on the Measurement of Income Mobility

There are mainly two concepts in income mobility： one is income movement itself, which is gained by every unit＇s change and reflects all the movement of income level, rank and share; the other is effects by income mobility, which ac- counts for compensation of income disequilibrium and social welfare. Transition matrix and rank change are main methods in early stage, and income level movement and its measurement is another facet. Stochastic dominance and statistical inference are extending methods of income mobility. But the methods which are based on income inequality, poverty, polarization and so- cial welfare are most important.