行政法治视野中的民法典

民法典时代的行政法治面临新的发展契机。民法典直接为行政机关新设了职权行使的依据、划定了职权行使的边界,为人民法院行政审判活动提供了新的准据,从而拓展了依法行政之法的属性。作为民事权利行政保护的规范依据,民法典对行政机关提出了权利消极性保护、积极性保护和创造性保护的三层义务结构要求,有助于实现权利自救与他救、私法保护请求权与公法保护请求权的有机统一。作为行政法法典化的参照系,法律概念的清晰界定和科学分类、篇章结构的逻辑严密是民法典抽象化、类型化和体系化的表征。回归行政法基础理论研究、构建新时代中国特色行政法释义学,是民法典时代我国行政法治发展的基础性工程。

Civil Code in the Perspective of Administrative Rule of Law

The administrative rule of law is facing new development opportunities in the era of Civil Code.The Civil Code established a basis of the exercise of powers for administrative agencies directly,delineated the boundaries of power execution,and provided new criteria for the administrative trial activities of the people's courts,thereby expanding the attributes of the law of law-based administration.As the normative basis for the administrative protection of civil rights,the Civil Code puts forward the three-tier obligation structure requirements of negative protection,active protection and creative protection of rights for administrative agencies,which is conducive to achieve the organic unification between self-rescue and other remedies of rights,between the rights to claim private law protection and the rights to claim public law protection.As the direct reference system for the codification of administrative law,the clear definition of legal concepts,scientific classification,and the logical rigor of the chapter structure are the signs of the abstraction,categorization,and systematization of Civil Code.Returning to the basic theoretical research of administrative law and constructing the hermeneutics of administrative law with Chinese characteristics in the new era are the fundamental projects for the development of administrative law in the era of Civil Code.