鼻腔免疫禽流感灭活疫苗对鸡呼吸道肥大细胞分布的影响

用添加CpG的禽流感病毒(H5亚型)灭活疫苗对7日龄罗曼公鸡进行鼻腔免疫,14日龄加强免疫一次;分别于首免后第3、5、7周剖杀,取鼻腔、喉部、气管、气管叉及肺组织,通过甲苯胺蓝染色法显示肥大细胞,观察呼吸道各部位肥大细胞的分布及数量变化。结果显示,首免后第3周气管和气管叉黏膜中的肥大细胞数量显著增加(P<0.05),第5周时喉部和气管叉黏膜中的肥大细胞数量显著增加(P<0.05),气管黏膜中肥大细胞数量也极显著增加(P<0.01),第7周肺中的肥大细胞数量显著增加(P<0.05);肥大细胞的数量在喉部最多,气管叉次之,气管和肺较少。试验结果表明,局部黏膜免疫可增加呼吸道肥大细胞的数量,肥大细胞可能参与黏膜免疫反应。

Effect of intranasal immunization with inactivated avian influenza virus(H5) vaccine on the distribution of mast cells in chicken respiratory tract

Chickens were immunized intranasally with the inactivated avian influenza virus(H5) vaccine and adjuvant CpG,and the distribution and number of mast cells in the respiratory tract were studied.The number of mast cells in the trachea and the tracheal fork increased significantly at week 3 after first intranasal immunization.At week 5 after first intranasal immunization,the number of mast cells in the laryngeal and the tracheal fork increased significantly,and the number of mast cells in the trachea increased significantly(P<0.01).The number of mast cells in the lung increased significantly at week 7 after first intranasal immunization.Moreover,in chicken respiratory tract,the laryngeal contained more mast cells,and the number of mast cells in the tracheal fork was less than that in the laryngeal,but more than that in the trachea and the lung.The results showed that local mucosal immunization could increase the number of mast cells in respiratory tract.Mast cells may be involved in the mucosal immune response.