论中国农地产权制度市场化改革的思想障碍

我国现行的农地产权制度安排是城乡两大利益集团博弈的直接结果.由于农民政治权力弱小又缺乏土地权益的法律保障,以任何借口阻挠农地产权市场化改革,都是为了维护城市既得利益集团的需要.目前,除了政府不肯轻易放弃廉价占用农民土地的经济利益之外,这一制度安排还得到了理论界一些权威人士的舆论支持.这些理论观点主要包括:应消灭一切土地私有制,土地集中兼并将导致农民两极分化、不利于兼顾土地的公平与效率、确保农民的基本生活保障与国家粮食安全,农地私有化将提高国家基础设施建设成本等等.因此,澄清理论界对于下一步深化农地产权制度市场化改革理论上的认识误区,具有重大的理论与实践意义.

Ideological Obstacle of China''''s Farmland Property Right System Marketization-Reform

The present Chinese farmland property right system is the result of the competition between the urban and the rural interest groups. Under the circumstance farmers have weak political right and there are a few laws to defend their farmland legitimate rights and interests, any attempt, which impedes farmland property right system reform by any pretext, would result in the loss of the farmland's rights and interests of the farmers. At present the government unwillingly abandon the "path reliance" by which they impropriate the farmland resource. At the same time, they have been supported by the theorists too . The main theoretical viewpoints include: to eradicate land private right system of any form; to collect and merge land and farmers' polar division; to embody the fairness and efficiency of land; to distribute land as welfare and ensure state food security; land privatization will raise infrastructure construction cost, etc. As a result, to clear up the misunderstanding between the political and academic fields, are of great theoretical significance as well as of practice for further deepening rural reform.