试论清末民初的经济制度改革

清末民初虽然时间跨度不到 2 0年 ,但却是一个社会经济变迁较大时代。甲午战败 ,民族危机严重 ,以“振兴工商”为中心的“新政”成了濒临倾覆的清王朝挽救危机的主要手段。辛亥革命后 ,袁世凯政府也以“振兴实业”作为稳固其政权的重要方针。为此 ,相继颁行了一系列的经济政策。笔者运用新制度经济学理论探讨这一时期中国实行的由上而下的一系列经济制度改革 ,对中国资本主义的发展产生的作用和影响 ,由此揭示推进和制约近代中国资本主义发展的原因所在。

Function of Institutional Setup That Contributed to China's Economic Growth in Modern Times-with a Case Study on Late Qing and Early Republican Period

The late Qing and early Republican period spanned for less than 20 years, but it was a period marked by drastic socio economic changes. China's defeat on the sea in the Sino Japanese war threw the nation into a real crises, and the Qing court resorted to the "new way of administration" which centered around "revitalization of industry and commerce" as the major means to save itself from a total collapse. After the 1911 Revolution, the Yan Shikai government also made the "invigoration of industry" a principal scheme for stabilizing the new regime. To achieve the goal the Yan government enacted a series of economic policies. On the basis of neo institution ecnomic theory, the present paper makes an exploration of the impact of institutional reforms that took place within the said period on China's capitalism, and reveals the reasons for the development or underdevelopment of capitalism in modern China.