户籍制度的历史回溯与改革前瞻

建国后我国的户籍制度经历了建国初期短暂的自由迁移、195 8年开始的严格限制户口自由迁移特别是限制农民向城市迁移以及改革开放后户籍制度的逐步改革主要是小城镇户籍制度改革三个时期。沿用近半个世纪的城乡分割的二元户籍制度逐步形成了我国特有的二元社会结构。户籍制度改革的重点尚局限于小城镇范围 ,这有其认识上的严重误区。户籍制度改革是政治体制改革的重要内容 ,是尊重和保障人权的重要措施。实行全体公民的居住和迁徙自由 ,是我国户籍制度改革的终极目标。

Looking Back and Forward on the History and Reform of Census Register

Census register in our country has experienced three periods since 1949,i.e.,the period of free migration at the beginning of the establishment of our country,the period of strict restriction on free migration since 1958,especially on farmers movement to the cities,and the period of gradual reform of census register after the opening and reform policy,especially the reform in small towns. The dual system of census register,which separates countryside from city,has formed the dual strucure of the society for nearly half a century.However,the reform is still limited to the small towns now,which is a serious mistake in ideology because the reform of census register,which is an important measure of respecting and securing human rights,is the main part of political reforms. As a result,the freedom for all citizens to live and move will be the ultimate goal of the reform of census register in our country.