中西方选举传统的分歧、冲突与融合

对古代中国而言,“选举”指的是以皇帝名义进行的某种选贤任能的人事制度;对古代西方而言,“选举”指的则是以不同阶级制度为基础的代表制度,其目的在于分享特定事务的决定权。在西学东渐的背景下,近现代中国的选举,在与以往的察举、科举制度存在根本性差异的同时,并没有完全脱离察举、科举制度的基本价值取向,反而在相当程度上受到这些传统的影响,并产生了中国近代选举中的民智、政纲和异见问题。

On the Differences, Confliction and Amalgamation of the Chinese and Western Traditions of Vote

The character of vote in Chinese means a kind of selecting system charged by the monarch in ancient China ; while the western meaning of the word is a kind of representative system dividing the decision making power among the different classes. In a background of Western Learning in China, the vote system involved the west- ern element and became fundamentally different from the old system named cha Ju and ke Ju. But to some extent, the value orientation of the two kinds of systems are the same, and resulted in several propositions of vote system, which includes the question on the intelligence of the people, the different ideas on the political platform and the attitude on the opposition ideas.