Understanding the Judicial Role in Addressing Gender Bias: A View from the Eighth Circuit Federal Court System |
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| Authors: | Kimberly A. Lonsway Leslie V. Freeman Lilia M. Cortina Vicki J. Magley Louise F. Fitzgerald |
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| Affiliation: | Kimberly A. Lonsway;is research director at the National Center for Women and Policing, Feminist Majority Foundation, Los Angeles Leslie V. Freeman;is managing attorney at Legal Services of Eastern Missouri, St. Louis Lilia M. Cortina;is assistant professor in the Department of Psychology and Women's Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Vicki J. Magley;is assistant professor in the Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs Louise F. Fitzgerald;is professor of psychology and women's studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. |
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| Abstract: | The role of trial judges in the litigation process is frequently debated. Are judges to be dispassionate adjudicators, disengaged referees in a sport in which attorneys compete? Or are they charged with a more active role in promoting the substance, form, and process of justice? In the present paper, we explore the judicial role in addressing gender bias in federal litigation, using data gathered for the Eighth Circuit Gender Fairness Task Force. The federal judges of this circuit were surveyed about their experiences, observations, and opinions of gender-biased conduct. Results indicated that although judges viewed judicial intervention as an appropriate response to gender bias, they had little personal experience with intervention in such a situation. Fur thermore, when specific hypothetical scenarios were presented, they generally agreed that the described conduct was inappropriate but offered little consensus regarding the best course of action for an attorney or judge confronted with such behavior. The Eighth Circuit data thus provide the basis for expanded understanding of the conduct at issue, the options for action in response, and the persistent discrepancy in viewpoints on gender bias and the judicial role. |
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