美国黑幕揭发运动与进步主义改革

20世纪初期,美国在工业化和城市化发展过程中产生了诸多社会问题。为了解决这些问题,在其国内兴起了以改革为目的的进步主义运动,黑幕揭发作为一场社会批判运动为进步主义改革提供了强大的舆论支持。黑幕揭发运动的主要发动者和参加者是一批新闻记者,他们通过实地调查,大胆揭露了美国社会的各种丑恶现象,使进步主义改革的观念深入人心,推动了一系列改革法令的颁布及实施,对美国社会产生了深远和持续性的影响。

Muckraking Movement and Progressive Reform in the United States

At the beginning of the 20th century, all kinds of social problems emerged along with the prosperity of urbanization and industrialization. The Progressive Movement was a response to this unjustified social situation. As a form of social criticism movement, muckraking served as direct motivation as well as social consensus for progressive reform and breakthroughs in social and economical legislation. Specifically, Muckraking Movement urged and con- tributed to the passage of laws such as the Mann Act, the Hepburn Act, the Pure Food and Drug Act, and the ratifica- tion of the 17th Amendment.