统筹城乡发展与地方政府——基于浙江省长兴县的研究

统筹城乡发展、建设新农村是全面贯彻落实科学发展观、构建和谐社会的重要内容和途径。其中,政府必须扮演关键性的角色,而在各级政府中,县级政府又负有最直接的责任。浙江省长兴县统筹城乡发展、建设新农村的基本经验是:政府必须承担统筹城乡发展、建设新农村的主要责任,通过建立领导机制、政府体制创新等有效地整合资源、制订规划、组织实施;政府必须在建设农村基础设施、治理和保护农村自然环境、建立健全医疗、养老等农民社会保障体系、支持农业生产、发展教育事业等方面发挥关键性作用;政府必须尊重市场规律,重视社会力量,尊重农民的主体地位、首创精神和权利,形成政府、企业、社会三者之间互补、合作的良好格局,合力解决实际进程中的困难;政府必须因地制宜,因时制宜,制订并实施基于当地现实、适应当地现实、全面、渐进解决当地现实问题的公共政策。

"Balancing Urban and Rural Development" and Local Government: A Case Study on Changxing County in Zhejiang Province

Balancing urban and rural development and building a new socialist countryside are the most important contents and approaches to carry out the scientific concept of development and construct a harmonious society,in which the government must play a key role and in all levels of governments the county government has the most direct responsibility.The experience of Changxing's balancing urban and rural development and building a new socialist countryside is as follows:at first,the government must bear the primary responsibility for balancing urban and rural development and building a new socialist countryside through the creation of leadership mechanism and institutional innovation to integrate resources effectively,formulate plans and implement;secondly,the government must play an extremely important role in the rural infrastructure projects,the rural environment protection and governance,the establishment and improvement of medical care,the pension and other farmers' social security system,the support for agricultural production and the development of education;thirdly,the government must value the laws of the market,the importance of social forces,the status of farmers and their pioneering spirit and right to form a good pattern of cooperation and complementarities among government,business,and society resolving practical difficulties in the process;finally,the government must develop and implement public policies based on and adapted to the local realities to comprehensively settle the local problems.