国家管辖范围外区域海洋遗传资源管理机制探究

国家管辖范围外区域蕴藏着丰富的海洋遗传资源，但现有的国际法尚未对其管理机制作出明确规定。近年来，国际社会在多个论坛对此问题展开讨论，并提出了一系列可供参考的解决进路。其中，扩大管理局的职能范围，使其能对海洋遗传资源进行有效管理具有诸多优势，但与发达国家的利益相左，实施难度较大；采用区域性管理机制能使特定区域纳入法律的运行轨道，却容易导致情势的碎片化；实施短效管理机制虽能防止形势恶化，可并不具有拘束力；制定一部《海洋法公约》的执行协定无疑是解决问题的最佳方式，也是未来的发展方向。

Analysis on the governance mechanism of genetic resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction

Affluent marine genetic resources are rooted in areas beyond national jurisdiction, but the existing international law has not yet made specific provisions on its governance mechanism. In recent years, the international community has been dis- cussing this issue in a number of forums and puts forward a series of proposals. Among them, expanding the mandate of the Authority so that it can effectively administrate the marine genetic resources has many advantages, however, this proposal goes against the interests of developed countries, which in consequence will impede its implementation; adopting regional management mechanism can direct specific area into the orbit of law, but this proposal may easily lead to the fragmentation of the governance; while implementing short-acting management mechanism can prevent the situation from worsening, it has no legal binding force. Therefore, developing a new agreement on implementation of the ＂Law of the Sea Convention＂ will un- doubtedly be the best way to solve the problem, which will also become the orientation of future development.