“商鞅改法为律说”献疑

商鞅变法是秦国在商鞅主持下对其礼法体系进行的大规模改革。在相关语境中,法乃国家之基本方略、大政方针。商鞅不可能将这种层面的"法"改革成为制度层面的"律";在商鞅变法过程中形成并逐渐完善的秦法以促使百姓积极从事农战为主要目标,以刑赏为主要手段;而秦律是各级政府行政管理的依据和规范,以赔偿或轻微刑罚为惩罚方式。在这一层面上,商鞅也不可能"改法为律"。汉王朝在萧何主持下借鉴秦法制定汉律之后,律成为历朝主要规范,人们习惯上也称其为法。长孙无忌等人误认为商鞅曾经改法为律,这是后世学者产生相同误解的根源。

Doubts on Statement of Transforming Fa into Lv by Shang Yang

Reforms of Shang Yang are large - scale reforms carried on to the system of ritual and law of the state of Qin under the charge of Shang Yang.In the related linguistic environment, Fa means fundamental or strategical principle,which couldn ' t be transformed intoLv in the level of system by Shang Yang.Fa of Qin which has come into being and made gradual improvements in the process of Reforms of Shang Yang encouraged people to go fanning and soldiering actively by means of penalties and rewards, while,as reg...