自主性视角下的平台经济非典型劳动者保护

平台经济形态下非典型劳动用工的法律保护宜理性回归劳动法规范目的,顺承"自主性"发展趋势进行"激励性"构建。在互联网平台经济背景下,信息技术发展与市场经济效率追逐进一步融合,使得伦理张力扩大,劳动控制形态"时空"限缩,劳动契约的激励性设计与劳动者自身激励相容,典型劳动关系的"从属性"形式被进一步突破,引发了劳动用工非典型化发展的利益平衡困局。同样,立基于激励相容的制度伦理设计,非典型劳动关系的法律适用应从劳动法规范目的展开,立于"从属性"但也兼顾"自主性"需求。一方面,理论指引层面将制度伦理所需保护法益区分化激励调适;另一方面,"自主性"激励理念的制度实现上,可主要通过职业风险保障、集体协商与声誉激励等社会化机制分别在安全层、能力层与环境层上推进"自主性"底基加固、议价能力提升与竞争性促进等保障措施完善,以促进非典型劳动者基本权益的激励性保护目的实现。

Protection of Atypical Workers in Platform Economy from the Perspective of Autonomy

The legal protection of atypical labor in platform economy should rationally return to the normative purpose of the labor laws,and its protection system can be constructed in accordance with the development trend of"autonomy".In the context of the Internet platform economy,the further integration of information technology development and the pursuit of market economy efficiency has expanded the ethical tension,reduced the"time and space"of labor control patterns,and the incentive design of labor contracts is compatible with the workers’own incentives.as a result,the"subordinate"form of typical labor relations has been further"broken through",which has led to the dilemma of interest balance of the atypical development of labor employment.Similarly,based on the design of incentive-compatible institutional ethics,the legal application of atypical labor relations should be carried out with the purpose of labor laws,which can be based on both subordinate and autonomous needs.That is,on the one hand,the protection of legal interests required by institutional ethics should be differentiated into incentives on theoretical guidelines;on the other hand,the implementation of the"autonomy"incentive system can be achieved mainly through the socialization mechanism of"occupational risk protection","collective consultation"and"reputation incentives"to achieve"autonomy-based strengthening","bargaining power enhancement"and"competition promotion"in the security level,ability level and environment level,respectively.So as to promote the"incentive"protection of the basic rights and interests of atypical workers.