非法证据排除规则的人权保障价值探讨——对宪法修正案的一种注解

宪法修正案规定的“国家尊重和保障人权”为我国人权保障事业的发展提供了新的宪法基础。然而,这仅是一个宣示性的原则规定,并未涉及人权的具体内容。因此它还有赖于各部门法的具体规则的配套实施,才能实现其预定的价值目标。诉讼法中的非法证据排除规则,是一个具有人权保障价值的证据规则。而我国现行诉讼法并未确立该规则,已导致了我国诉讼中漠视人权、侵犯人权现象较为普遍的恶果。所以,在修改诉讼法时,明确设置非法证据排除规则,既是完善诉讼法自身的需要,也是落实“国家尊重和保障人权”的宪法原则的需要。

On the Value of Human Rights of the Exclusionary Rule of Illegal Evidence——An Annotation about the Constitutional Amendment

The clause that the nation esteems and safeguards the human rights in the Amendment to the Constitution of the PRC,supplies new constitutional grounds for developing the undertakings of safeguarding our human rights.However,it has not referred to the substantial parts of human rights,but a declarative and principled provision.Accordingly,the realization of the scheduled value objective of this clause should be relied on a set of concrete and matched rules out of the respective branch law.The exclusionary rule of illegal evidence in the procedure law is a rule of evidence bearing the value of safeguarding human rights.However,the absence of this rule in our procedure law has resulted the common disregards and violations of human rights in the litigations.Consequently,it is essential to estabiisil this rule explicitly at the time of amending our procedure law,which is the vital necessaries of improving the procedure law itself and fulfilling the constitutional principle that the nation esteems and safeguards the human rights.