南京大屠杀遇难人口的构成——以南京市常住人口为中心

在南京大屠杀期间,侵华日军在南京城乡地区进行了大规模的屠杀.南京大屠杀刚结束,金陵大学美国社会学教授史密斯以社会救济为主要目的对南京及周边县城进行了十分广泛的社会调查;战后国民政府为了调查战争损失和东京与南京法庭的战犯审判进行了专题调查.两次调查结果显示:在南京市常住人口中,97%以上遇难者是平民,男性遇难者比例远远高于女性.其中乡区女性遇害比例则高于城区.遇难者中80%-90%是20至60岁的青壮年,而在乡区60岁以上老人死亡比例超过了20%.随着大量第一手资料的不断整理出版,将会极大地推动南京大屠杀研究的深入.

Formation of the Victims During Nanking Massacre

During Nanking Massacre,massive slaughter occurred in Nanking and its outskirts.As soon as the rampage was over,Professor Smith from Sociology Department of Nanking University made an extensive social survey of the city of Nanking and its surrounding counties mainly for the relief work.The KMT Government also made a postwar survey of the war damage and of the war crime trials at Tokyo and Nanking.The two surveys show that among the permanent residents,97% of the victims of the massacre were civilians,and that the number of the male victims was much higher than that of the female,whereas the ratio of the female victims in rural area was higher than in urban area.80-90% of the victims were aged between 20 and 60.But in the rural area,20% of the killed were aged 60 and above.More first-hand information is getting published,which will further facilitate the study of Nanking Massacre.