澜湄合作的动力机制--基于“利益-责任-规范”的分析

尽管中国主导创设的澜湄合作机制是湄公河地区国际合作机制的后来者,但在过去四年多的时间里其取得了较好的发展成绩,已成为次区域合作的典范。对澜湄合作理论层面的研究与澜湄合作快速发展的现实是不相称的。本文试图搭建一个分析框架来研究中国创设地区机制的动力,认为澜湄合作是中国推动自身利益与湄公河国家利益相适应、在“共同但有区别的责任”原则指导下发挥力所能及的作用、积极构建“利益—责任—规范”三位一体的地区规范的过程。然而,目前增强澜湄合作发展动力还面临着区域内国家之间的利益分歧、“中国责任”与“他方期待”不对称、地区规范建构缓慢等因素的制约。澜湄合作要在众多地区合作机制中脱颖而出,需要关注更高层面的制度设计和集体认同的建设。而建立相对稳定的合作机制和保持制度的灵活性将是未来澜湄合作保持其生命力的重要问题。

A Nexus of Interests,Responsibilities, and Norms: The Dynamic Mechanism of Lancang-Mekong Cooperation

Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)is a latecomer to the international institutions in the Mekong region,yet it has developed into a model of subregional cooperation in the past four years under China’s leadership.Compared with the successful initiative at present,the relevant theoretical research is lacking.This article attempts to build a dynamic analytical framework for the regional institution,and finds that LMC fully reflects a three-dimensional process of“interest-responsibility-norm,”in which China aligns its own interests to those of Mekong countries,plays a leading role under the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities,and constructs regional norms actively.This also explains the growing appeal of LMC.Based on the analysis,it is crucial to expand the common interests of Lancang-Mekong countries,realize the transformation from“China-driven”to“multinational efforts,”establish relatively stable cooperation rules,and maintain institutional flexibility for LMC to maintain its vitality in the future.Therefore,the task for LMC in the next phase is to improve the level of institutionalization and normalization of LMC,especially to strengthen the construction of values and norms that should be observed.