刑事再审程序改革研究

从近年来的司法实践看,法院和检察院对再审程序的适用呈不断减少的趋势,但同时不服生效裁判的申诉却呈不断增加的趋势.调查表明,人们对现行刑事再审的制度设计评价并不高.现行刑事再审程序的运作实际上也已陷入了困境.这是因为立足于发现事实真相、纠正错误裁判理念的原制度设计存在启动主体不适当、再审理由不具体、审理程序不规范、裁判效力不确定的"四不"缺陷.改革的基本思路是:从创新制度的立论基础出发,树立以程序正义为核心价值的"特殊救济"再审理念,以启动程序的法定理由具体化为切入点,严格限制法院自行再审的职权,规范检察院的再审抗诉权限,赋予当事人启动程序的主体资格,并确立再审一审终审原则.在此基础上,提出了修改刑事诉讼法再审程序的多条立法建议.

Research on Criminal Retrial Procedure

According to the judicial practice in recent years,the court and procuratorial organ apply to retry procedure continuously decreasing,but in the meantime appeals caused from defying to take effect to judge increase continuously of trend.Research shows,people are not highly judge to the system design that the current criminal retry system.Actually,the current retry procedure has already sunk into a predicament as well.This is because of having a foothold in discovering fact true facts and rectify mistake judge the orginal system design of principle start the procedure is out of character,don't concretely discuss again reason and take up procedure not norm and judge effect indetemination of"four not"blemish.This thesis is laying claim to the basic way of thinking of reform as follows:Institutional from the innovation of the argumentation foundation set out,"specaal relief"which sets up to take procedure justice as core to be worth discusses again a principle,with start procedure of the legal reason concretely changes in to correspond a point,strict restriction the court discuss again by oneself of job power,to norm procuratorial organ's legal power to bring a counter appeal,giving the party concerned start the principle qualifications of the procedure,and establish a final trial of retry principle.On this foundation,several lawmaking suggsetions about modification of the criminal procedural procedural law in retry procedure are put forward.