欧盟卡特尔案件宽大制度及启示

欧盟宽大制度是一种减轻或免除卡特尔行为人罚款责任的制度。自1996年欧盟引入该项制度以来，现已历经2002年和2006年两次修改。现行宽大制度包括罚款全额免除和部分减免两方面：前者适用于最先提供可使欧盟委员会展开调查或发现违法行为证据的企业；后者适用于提供对欧盟委员会已掌握之证据具有显著附加价值证据的企业。同时，为保证宽大制度的有效实施，欧盟在宽大制度程序保障机制及规制机关自由裁量权控制等方面做出了完善规定。

On Leniency Program in the Cartel Cases of EU and Experimental Study

Leniency program is the system of immunity from fines and reduction of fines in cartel cases. Since EU established it in 1996, it has been amended twice in 2002 and 2006. The current leniency program includes two sides, immunity from fines and reduction of fines. The former will be granted to the undertaking firstly submitting information and evidence which enable Commission to carry out a targeted inspection or find an infringement. The later will be granted to the undertaking providing the Commission with evidence which represents significant added value with respect to the evidence already. To ensure the effective implementation, EU made a perfect provision in the procedures and discretion of leniency program.