行政组织法视角下环境标准制度的反思与完善

我国环境标准制度的症结是自我规制理念的缺失。德国法带来的启示是强化由半官方的中间组织主导环境标准的制修订工作。因而,在行政组织法和程序法上,应实现由标准化技术委员会或专家组承担起草审查工作、以公众理性制衡专家理性、保障决策者的中立性、促成公众积极参与并确立政府对程序的监督。如此改革后,环境标准虽不是国家法规范,但仍可对环境执法和司法审判发挥一定指引作用。

Reflection and Improvement of Environmental Standard System in China

The crux of China's environmental standard system is the lack of self-regulation concept.The enlightenment of German law is to strengthen the formulation and revision of environmental standards led by semi-official intermediary organizations.Therefore,in terms of administrative organization law and procedural law,Standardization Technical Committee or expert group should be responsible for drafting and reviewing work,it should be a balance between expert rationality and public rationality,the neutrality of decision makers should be ensured,and the supervision by the government over the enacting procedures should be established as well.After such reform,environmental standards are not regulations or normative documents,but can still be used as the yardstick of environmental law enforcement and judicial trial.