反思精神障碍强制医疗的“危险性”原则

很多国家精神卫生立法在强制医疗人院标准方面都适用了“危险性”原则，我国《精神卫生法》也在其列。然而，“危险性”原则是基于三个错误的假设，因此实际上“危险性”原则可能会增加精神疾病对患者的伤害和较大程度增加社区危险的风险。本文呼吁参考Large及Richardson的观点及美国部分州与苏格兰精神卫生立法的实证经验，在“危险性”原则基础上补充“拒绝治疗的能力”评定作为精神障碍者强制医疗入院标准。

Rethink of the dangerousness principle of compulsory treatment to mental disorders

Dangerousness principle was used in several countries＇ legislation about the compulsory treatment for mental disorders. China＇s mental health law adopt the same principle. However, the dangerousness principle is based on three false assumptions. In fact, dangerousness principle may increase the harm of mental disease to a pa- tient and risk of community. This paper calls for reference to the points of Large and Richardson and mental health legislation of some states in USA and Scotland. We should add ＂refused to treat ability evaluation＂ to dangerousness principal in order to improve the standards of compulsory treatment of mental disorders.