农民的市场主体地位:实现农民组织化的基点

人是一切经济行为的核心所在。农民组织化和发展合作经济是以“行为主体”的一定素质为前提的,即商品生产者自由个性的觉醒、经济理性的成熟,作为契约主体的独立人格的存在以及社会交换关系的发达。而这一前提的获得,是需要确立农民在经济市场化过程的市场主体地位,促使其个体主体的“主体性自由”的实现。为此,政府的制度设计和进行制度安排时应遵循的理念是:市场机制和政府适度干预并重;理顺现行农村各种经济体之间的关系;对农业经济支持与建立农村社会保障体系并重。也只有这样才能给农民组织化营造一种自主性的空间,而且这也是农民理性由传统“生存理性”转向现代“发展理性”的内在规定。

The Peasant's Principal Status in the Market: the Basic point to Realize the Peasant Organization

People are in the core of all the economic activities. To organize the peasants and develop the cooperative economy should take certain qualities of the behavior subject as the prerequisite, that is, the consciousness of the free individualism and the maturity of the economic reason of the producers, the existence of the independent personality as the main subject of contracts and the great development of social exchange. To obtain the prerequisite, the peasant's principal status in the market needs to be recognized in order to realize the freedom of the subjects as individuals. Therefore, the rules, obeyed by the governments when designing and arranging the systems, are that marketing mechanism is as important as the moderate inference by the governments; relations in the established rural economic bodies should be arranged properly; supporting rural economy is equally vital to building rural security system. Only through this, free space for peasant organization can be created. Furthermore, it is the inherent mechanism for the peasants from traditional reason of existence to modern one of development.