中国“例制”构建中的法院角色和法官作用

我国案例指导制度中的法院角色和法官作用有着鲜明的特色,案件审理阶段法院和办案法官往往并没有参与案例指导的意识,而是在案件裁判后由审判庭之外的综合部门通过遴选的方式确定典型案例,经编辑后报审判委员会研究讨论,再逐级报最高人民法院确定并发布。指导性案例的产生不是按照管辖制度自然地涌现,而是被人为地发现,这一点明显不同于国外的做法。相比较,涌现方式符合司法经济原则和司法规律,而发现方式充满人为因素,成本高而效率相对较低。案例指导制度不应被管辖制度牵着鼻子走,而应当通过变更管辖制度,与司法规律相适应。

Role of the Court and Judge in Forming of Chinese Case Law

the role of courts and judges precedent guidance mechanism in China is quite different in that the court and judge in charge of the case usually have no intention to participate in precedent guidance.Instead court organs except the judge or judge panel deciding the case verify typical case decisions by way of filtrating of case decisions.The filtrated case decisions would be further discussed by trial committee of the court and then be submitted to the Supreme Peoples’ Court and be made public after verification.The guiding case decisions are not naturally formed under different jurisdiction but artificially discovered.And the discovery method is full of artificial elements and ineffective.Case guidance mechanism should therefore be not be misled by different level of courts und should be fit to judicial rules.