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School-Based Violent Victimization in Turkey: An Examination of the Cross-National Generality of Lifestyle-Routine Activities and Self-Control Theories
Authors:Rustu Deryol  Pamela Wilcox  Osman Dolu
Affiliation:1. Department of Criminology, University of South Florida Sarasota–Manatee, Sarasota, Florida, USAderyolr@sar.usf.edu;3. School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA;4. Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
Abstract:ABSTRACT

The authors examined victimization among Turkish school students as a function of individual lifestyles and routine activities, perceived school guardianship/control, and low self-control. In doing so, they aimed to provide a much-needed explanatory test of school victimization in Turkey while also offering an important test of the cross-cultural generalizability of self-control and opportunity-based theories of victimization. Logistic regression models of violent victimization were estimated using a subsample of over 900 Turkish school students. Regression coefficients were estimated for 20 datasets generated through a multivariate sequential imputation technique, with results then pooled. Lifestyle measures associated with school-based victimization included in-school delinquency, delinquent self-cutting, gang membership, and number of gang friends. Perceived school guardianship/control was also related to victimization, as was low self-control. The authors found little evidence that the effects of low self-control were mediated or moderated by lifestyle characteristics or perceived school security. Findings suggest that the propositions of lifestyle-routine activities and self-control theories regarding victimization risk can largely be generalized to Turkish high school students. Findings imply that school-based victimization prevention in Turkey should target individual-level criminogenic traits and lifestyles as well as risky environmental school characteristics.
Keywords:delinquency in Turkey  lifestyle-routine activities  low self-control  school-based victimization
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