论米歇尔·亨利的生命现象学马克思主义

米歇尔·亨利第一次将他的生命现象学运用于马克思关于“社会现实”的分析。亨利关于马克思的哲学思想是“一种新现象学的马克思主义”。在马克思的文本中,现象学最基本的原则“回到事物自身”被亨利解读为“回到个体现实性生命”,所有社会中显示的关系必须还原到个体生命。“社会总体性”还原到纯粹的“个体主体性”是理解马克思社会批判的有力工具。“彻底的主体性”概念是亨利新现象学的马克思主义的核心概念。马克思的“现实性”应该被理解为个体的主体实践。马克思看到了实践的原初本质:实践恰恰是一种努力的主观体验,简言之即劳动。马克思以“谱系学”开始进行社会批判,这是一种对各种社会结构下的主观现实性的描述方法。

On Michel Henry's Marxist Phenomenology of Life

Michel Henry first applied his phenomenology of life to Marx’s analysis of“social reality”.His philosophy of Marx is“a new phenomenological Marxism”.In Marx’s text,the most basic principle of phenomenology,“back to things themselves”,is interpreted by Henry as“return to the real life of living individuals”,and all relationships displayed in society have tp be returned the living individuals.The reduction of“social totality”to pure“individual subjectivity”is a powerful tool to understand Marx’s social criticism.The concept“radical subjectivity”is the core one of Henry’s new Marxist phenomenology.Marx’s“reality”should be understood as the individual’s subjective practice.Marx saw the original nature of practice:practice is just a subjective experience of effort,in short,labor.Marx began his social criticism with“genealogy”,a method to describe the subjective reality in various social structures.