法国土地征收公益性审查机制及其对中国的启示

在法国,只有国家可以为了公共利益的需要征收私人土地,并且按照司法最终原则,由行政法官判断土地征收的公用目的性。最高行政法院在长期审判实践中形成了"损益对比分析理论"。该理论的应用加强了对土地征收公用目的宣告行为司法审查的力度。在加强对行政机关裁量权司法监督的同时,损益对比分析机制并未超越行政行为合法性审查的界限,它为行政机关在多个合法方案间自由选择保留了足够的裁量空间。

Review System of Land Expropriation's Public Welfare Character and Its Inspiration to China

In France,only the State can expropriate land from individuals for public interest and the public purpose should be judged by the administrative judges according to the final judicial principle.The Supreme Administrative Court formed a comparative analysis of profit and loss theory in its long-term trial practice.Adopting the theory strengthened the judicial review of land expropriation's public purpose declaration behaviour,ie.judicial review of administrative discretionary right.Meanwhile it still provides enough discretionary space for administrative agencies to choose among different legal schemes.