从模式比较的视角看我国民事再审制度的改革与完善

对我国再审制度的反思性探讨和立法建言性探讨已经成为我国民事诉讼理论研究中的重要内容,本文试图另辟蹊径,通过对再审模式的概括和比较,来研究我国再审制度的改革问题,由此也试图揭示出再审制度的文化、制度基础与背景及其变迁的基本规律和轨迹。笔者认为,再审模式有三种,这就是政策形成型再审模式、私权保障型再审模式和程序救济型再审模式,分别由我国、大陆法国家以及英美国家所代表。我国目前的再审制度属于政策形成型,但这种再审模式已不适应市场经济发展的需要,因而需要加以改变。改变的基本方向是以程序救济型再审为主的综合模式。为了完成这种转变,需要在理念和机制两个层面上予以推动。

A Study on Reform and Improvement of Civil Re-judicial System of China from View of Model-analysis

It has become the important content in the study of civil procedural theories to research and discuss the re-judicial system of China. This article concentrates on the question of reform of re-judicial system through the summary and analysis of re-judicial models. And it tries to delineate the culture, systematic foundation and background and the foundamental patterns and process of its evolution. There are three re-judicial models, they're re-judicial model of policy-orientation, re-judicial model of private rights protection and re-judicial model of procedural relief. In China, the re-judicial system belongs to the policy orientation. And it doesn't meet the request of market economic development any more. So we should have reform to change the re-judicial model of policy-orientation into the re-judicial model of procedural relief. In order to realize the change, we need to promote from the idea and mechanism.