法律文化交往与文化主体意识

整个人类社会发展史其实是一个人类交往史。在所有人类交往活动中,法律文化的交往占有极重要的地位。清末百余年来中国法律的发展与进步,为人类社会法律文化交往提供了一个颇具说明意义的典型示范。但是,在中国法学界,许多问题的认识和讨论长期处于无意识的无我状态,即文化主体意识缺失的状态。这在很大程度上导致了近现代中国法学或中国法学家们,至今尚未能完全自觉地作为一个文化交往主体进入人类法律文化交往。世界法律发展史上,不同法律文化的交往不外乎通过借鉴、继受、移植、整合和融合等五种形态得以实现。这种法律文化交往的实质是实然与应然、地方性与普遍性的关联与转换,是一个地方性向普遍性发展、普遍性由地方性构成的互动过程。在此过程中,没有文化主体意识,就难有文化主体地位,就难以正确认识和解释法律文化交往的各种形态及其一般规律,于是也难以自觉主动地参与文化交往活动。其结果,必然是更难正确认识和把握自身法律制度的建设与发展。

Communication in Legal Culture and Subjective Awareness of Culture

The development history of human society as a whole is actually a history of human communication.The communication in legal culture plays a significant role in all activities of human communication.Over century’s legal development and progress of China since the late of Qing Dynasty provide a meaningful example for the communication in legal culture of human society.However,the understanding and discussions of many problems in the academic field of Chinese law have been in a state of unawareness subject,that is,the state of lacking the subjective awareness of culture,which in large degree cause the fact that modern Chinese legal science or Chinese jurists have not entered into the legal culture communication of human as a subject of communication with awareness.In the history of world legal development,the communication in different legal cultures is realized through five forms of borrowing,succession,transplant,integration and combination.The essence of the communication in legal culture is relevance and transformation of reality and expected as well as regionalization and universality and an interacting process of developing from regionalization to universality and the universality is composed of regionalization.Without the subjective awareness of culture,it is difficult to set up the status of culture subject,to correctly understand and explain various forms and general regularity of the communication in legal culture and also to positively take part in cultural communication activities.As a result,it is even more difficult to correctly understand and ensure the construction and development of its legal system.