中国农村贫困状况与最低生活保障制度的建立

随着我国农村贫困人口的大幅度减少和贫困率的下降,剩余的农村贫困人口呈现出了明显的家庭和个人特征:绝大多数贫困人口是因残疾患病等因素导致劳动力完全丧失的人口,他们很难继续从开发式扶贫中获得有效的帮助。近年来,中央政府对建立农村最低生活保障制度高度重视,在全国范围内迅速推开了一系列针对困难农户收入和医疗保障需要的社会救助制度。本文利用2005年的农村住户调查数据对农村贫困人群的贫困状况进行了描述和分析,在此基础上提出了建立农村社会保障制度的政策建议。

China's Rural Poverty and Construction of Rural Minimum Living Standard Scheme

This paper uses household surveys and secondary data to discuss China's rural poverty and the construction of rural minimum living standard scheme (Dibao). China's recent socio-economic developments have brought social security system in rural areas into the state policy agenda, which is regarded not only as the core of the resolving the "San Nong" Problem in current China, but also underlies the process of industrialization, urbanization and modernization in the future. With such understanding, China, in addition to the existing poverty reduction policy, has set up a number of social assistance programs addressing the needs of low-income farmers and for basic living healthcare in rural areas. The paper ends with recommendation that the central government should play a central role in funding the rural minimum living standard scheme and the current schemes should be improved to address the multiple problems facing the poor and low income people in the rural areas.