民事公益诉讼的基本模式研究——以中、美、德三国为中心的比较法考察

民事公益诉讼模式取决于一国的法律传统和司法政策,新模式的导入为民事诉讼形式的创新提供了契机。在目前代表人诉讼被搁置、集团诉讼短期无引入可能的背景下,我国民事公益诉讼应采取民事公诉为主导,实验性诉讼、团体诉讼和公民诉讼为补充的模式选择路径。具体建言是:确立实验性诉讼、拓展民事公诉和团体诉讼的适用范围、引进公民诉讼。

A Study on the Basic Modes of Civil Litigation Brought in Behalf of Public Interests

The choice of models of the civil public interests litigation depends on legal tradition and judicial policy in one country.Introduction of a new model offers a chance creating a brand-new type of civil litigation.So far in China,the representative action has been of limited utility and introducing the American style class action is out of possibility in short term,when it comes to the civil public interests litigation,public suit should be the major type with the test case,Verbanksklage and citizen suit as the supplementary ones.The conclusion is as followed:building up the test case mechanism;enlarging the scope of the civil public suit and Verbanksklage;introducing the citizen suit.