论冲突规范的任意性适用——以民事诉讼程序为视角

冲突规范的任意性适用,是指在涉外民商事案件的审理中,只有在至少一方当事人提出请求时,法院才会适用冲突规范及其可能指向的外国法。以民事诉讼程序为观察视角,当事人对诉讼资料的控制权和法律适用的参与权,成为冲突规范任意性适用的重要法律依据。在个人可以自由处分权利的法律关系领域,当事人有权在适用冲突规范及其指向的外国法可能带来的实体利益与遭受的程序不利益之间进行衡量,自行作出是否适用冲突规范的决定。

Voluntary Application of Conflict Rules: In Perspective of Civil Procedures

Voluntary application of conflict rules means that in a foreign civil or commercial case,the court may apply the conflict rules and relevant foreign laws only at the request of one party or parties.From the angle of civil procedures,voluntary application of conflict norms is justified because the parties are entitled to control litigation information and participate in application of laws.In the domain where an individual is free to enjoy or waive his/her own rights,the parties have the liberty to weigh the substantive merits and procedural demerits resulting from application of conflict rules and relevant foreign laws,and make the decision by themselves whether to apply conflict rules.