自贸区“暂停实施”决定授权性质研究

2013年8月,全国人大常委会为自贸区改革的需要,作出授权国务院在上海自贸区的范围内暂停几部法律部分内容实施的决定。此种暂停实施与授权的性质引起了较大争议。暂停实施应是对法律的修改,全国人大常委会所做出的是授权修改法律决定。我国立法体制中并未规定授权修改的制度。根据授权的基本理论,全国人大常委会与国务院是合适的授权机关和被授权机关,只是其授权程序值得推敲。同时,我国的授权立法制度也需进一步地发展与创新。

Properties of Authorized FTA Suspend Decision

For the need of reforms of free trade area, the NPC Standing Committee made a decision to authorize the state council the power to suspend several laws within the scope of the free trade area in Shanghai, August 2013. The character of the implementation and authorization of the suspension caused disputation. The implementation of the suspension should be a modification of laws, and the decision of NPC Standing Committee should be a authorization of modifying laws. But according to the basic theory of the authorization, the NPC Standing Committee and the State Council are the appropriate authority delegated authorities and authorized, but the procedure of the authorization worths more scrutiny. Meanwhile, the system of delegated legislation in our country also needs further development and innovation.