浅析我国死刑量刑体系中经济赔偿的合理性与局限性

按照我国《刑法》的规定,刑罚的本质是基于刑事责任对被告人予以惩罚报应,同时,刑罚的目的在于通过减少被告人的再犯可能性实现预防犯罪。同样,作为实现刑罚过程的量刑也应在这种"本质"和"目的"的体系中进行。人民法院在对死刑案件进行量刑时决定是否将加害方及其家属等积极进行经济赔偿的行为作为酌定情节予以考虑时,也应该首先从量刑的这种"本质"和"目的"的体系出发来判断。具体地讲,经济赔偿只有与案件的"犯罪事实"有着内在关联性,本来属于案件"定罪量刑"的要素时,并且,只有将其置于整个量刑体系下,在与其他众多的量刑要素的相互关系中被认定确实具有直接影响被告人的过去罪责(刑事责任)及其将来预防(再犯可能性)的意义时,才可以作为死刑量刑的酌定情节予以考虑,才可以成为慎用死刑立即执行而选择死刑缓期两年执行的理由。

Analysis about the Rationality and Limitation of Compensation in China Death Penalty Sentencing System

According to China’s criminal law, the essence of criminal penalty is to do retribution to the criminal, and its goal is to prevent the criminal from conducting crime again. So, sentencing, as the concrete process to make criminal penalty realized, should also be made in the formation of "retributive essence" and "preventive goal." In a death case, the court should act in the same way when it tries to consider compensation as a factor to determine whether a death penalty should be issued. Compensation can be considered as a reason to choose a sentencing of death penalty with a two years suspended execution rather than death penalty with an immediate execution, only in the case that the compensation reflects the reduction of criminal responsibility and the increase of criminals’ regret.